澳门就没有高频彩吗 第十一节 十二癌症是重点 04
导读：(4) 坚持锻炼： 美国研究人员认为，每周运动5次以上，每次30分钟慢跑或1小时散步就能预防结肠直肠癌。 (5) 防癌疫苗： 美国纽约斯隆凯特林癌症研究所的研究人员，曾合成了一种可以...
(5)防癌疫苗：美国纽约斯隆凯特林癌症研究所的研究人员，曾合成了一种可以预防结肠癌的疫苗，以防肠癌。
(6)化学预防：大肠癌的化学预防由来已久，药物种类繁多。除了前述的维生素D、维生素B6和叶酸等可防肠癌外，一些研究发现，有规律地服用阿司匹林可降低结直肠癌的发生危险，但关于阿司匹林的随机研究结果则不一致。英国牛津大学的研究人员认为，至少每天服用300毫克阿司匹林，并至少坚持5年，则患肠癌的风险将减少1/3以上。开始服用后的头10年到15年效果更加明显，罹患肠癌的可能性将减少74%。美国的一项研究结果表明，用阿司匹林预防结肠癌比防心脏病所建议的用量大，但大剂量可引起内出血。总之，预防直肠癌和结肠癌应遵守吃大量水果、蔬菜和全麦食品；少吃高脂肪食品；进行充分的运动等，尤其是年过40的人更应如此。
( 4 ) Stick to exercise: American researchers believe that exercising more than five times a week, jogging for 30 minutes or walking for one hour at a time can prevent colorectal cancer.
( 5 ) Anti-cancer vaccine: researchers at catlin cancer research institute in Si Long, new York, United States, have synthesized a vaccine that can prevent colon cancer to prevent colon cancer.
( 6 ) Chemical prevention: chemical prevention of colorectal cancer has a long history and there are many kinds of drugs. In addition to vitamin d, vitamin b 6 and folic acid mentioned above, some studies have found that regular aspirin can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, but the results of random studies on aspirin are inconsistent. Researchers at Oxford university in England believe that taking at least 300 milligrams of aspirin a day for at least five years will reduce the risk of colon cancer by more than one third. The effect is more obvious in the first 10 to 15 years after taking it, and the possibility of suffering from intestinal cancer will be reduced by 74 %. A us study shows that aspirin is more effective in preventing colon cancer than recommended for preventing heart disease, but large doses can cause internal bleeding. In short, prevention of rectal cancer and colon cancer should follow the principle of eating plenty of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Eat less fatty foods; Carry out adequate sports and so on, especially those over 40 years old.
7.男人“那点”大病算
前列腺癌已经成为男性常见的恶性肿瘤，在男性的癌症死亡率中仅次于肺癌。因此，男人应该对自己的“那点”积极地进行预防。
(1)饮食预防：从目前已知的高危因素来看，具有预防意义的是诱发前列腺癌的饮食因素，在饮食方面应该着重做好以下一些方面。
少摄入脂肪。研究表明，脂肪性食物摄入过多会增加患腺癌的危险。也要少吃猪、牛、羊肉等红肉或加工后的肉类如香肠、熏肠、腌肉：火腿、罐头肉等，烧烤、焙制、煎炸肉类等可增加前列腺癌的发病率。世界癌症研究基金会建议，如果伙食不能缺少红肉，其所提供的热量应少于每天摄入总热量的10%一个人每天摄入的红肉量应控制在80克以下。由于胆固醇能使合成雄激素增加，而雄激素中的睾酮比率增加是前列腺癌的重要发病因素。因此，降低胆固醇可防前列腺癌。
美国科学家发现，在绿叶植物如水果、蔬菜和豆类中富含的“枥精”可以预防和治疗前列腺癌。所以，多吃水果、蔬菜、豆类，如苹果、洋葱、葱、大蒜、西兰花、番茄、胡萝卜、豆制品（豆腐、豆皮、豆浆等）可预防前列腺癌。
多吃鱼。瑞典卡罗琳医学院研究发现，鱼中含较多的ω-3脂肪酸，故多吃大马哈鱼、鲱鱼或鲭鱼能显著减少患前列腺癌的危险。亚麻籽中也富含ω-3脂肪酸，则亚麻籽也可防前列腺癌。
核桃、杏仁、腰果、榛子等富含硒和维生素E，多吃可能防前列腺癌。绿茶中的儿茶酚也能抑制前列腺癌的发生。美国科学家发现，每天喝一两杯红酒可防前列腺癌。总之，预防前列腺癌的饮食，应是：在食物总热量中脂肪所占的比率低于20%；每天摄入豆制品食物204克；每天摄入硒200微克；每天摄取维生素E 400—800国际单位；多饮绿茶，同时多吃些新鲜蔬菜和水果。
7. Men's " that point" is a big problem
Prostatic cancer has become a common malignant tumor in men, second only to lung cancer in the death rate of cancer in men. Therefore, men should actively prevent their own " that point".
( 1 ) Dietary prevention: judging from the currently known high-risk factors, what is of preventive significance is the dietary factors that induce prostate cancer. in the dietary aspect, the following aspects should be emphasized.
Eat less fat. Research shows that too much fatty food intake increases the risk of adenocarcinoma. You should also eat less red meat such as pigs, cattle and mutton or processed meat such as sausages, sausages and bacon: ham and canned meat. barbecue, baking and frying meat can increase the incidence of prostate cancer. The world cancer research foundation suggests that if the food cannot be short of red meat, the amount of calories provided should be less than 10 % of the total calories consumed per day. a person's daily intake of red meat should be controlled below 80g. Because cholesterol can increase the synthesis of androgens, the increase of testosterone ratio in androgens is an important risk factor for prostate cancer. Therefore, lowering cholesterol can prevent prostate cancer.
U.s. scientists have found that the " essence" rich in green leafy plants such as fruits, vegetables and beans can prevent and treat prostate cancer. Therefore, eating more fruits, vegetables and beans, such as apples, onions, onions, garlic, broccoli, tomatoes, carrots, bean products ( tofu, beancurd, soybean milk, etc. ) can prevent prostate cancer.
Eat more fish. A study by the medical college of Caroline in Sweden found that fish contains more omega - 3 fatty acids, so eating more salmon, herring or mackerel can significantly reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Flaxseed is also rich in omega - 3 fatty acids, so flaxseed can also prevent prostate cancer.
Walnuts, almonds, cashews and hazelnuts are rich in selenium and vitamin e, and eating more may prevent prostate cancer. Catechol in green tea can also inhibit the occurrence of prostate cancer. Us scientists found that drinking one or two glasses of red wine a day can prevent prostate cancer. In short, the diet to prevent prostate cancer should be: the proportion of fat in the total calories of food is less than 20 %; Daily intake of 204g soy food; Daily intake of selenium 200 micrograms; Daily intake of vitamin e 400 - 800 international units; Drink more green tea and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits at the same time.
(2)减肥：美国的一项研究发现，男性减肥能减少患前列腺癌的危险。如减肥5千克以上的人患扩散性前列腺癌的概率比不减肥的人低42%，肥胖者患前列腺癌的危险比减肥5千克或以上者高7倍以上。
(3)锻炼：研究发现，65岁以上男性如果每周进行3小时以上的剧烈运动，如跑步、骑脚踏车、游泳等，可使晚期前列腺癌或死于这种疾病的危险降低70%，但对年轻男性却没有这样的效果。也可以每周6次，每次30分钟，以中等速度进行散步也可防前列腺癌。
(4)减压：每天做1个小时的瑜伽锻炼，或练习30分钟气功，包括伸展、呼吸、冥想和放松等。
(5)晒太阳：居住在北方高纬度的老年男子应每天有10分钟的时间，让身体接受阳光照射以防前列腺癌。
(6)“年检”：50岁以上的男性应每年检查一次血中PSA（前列腺特异性抗原）。美国临床肿瘤学会（ASCO）和美国泌尿学会（ALA）建议定期接受PSA筛查，且PSA≤3.0纳克／毫升的无症状男性应用5a还原酶抑制剂（5–ARI）来预防前列腺癌。从生活方式上预防前列腺癌，除了做好上述各点之外，还要每天服用58克的大豆蛋白粉、3克鱼油、400国际单位的维生素E、2克维生素C和200微克的硒等。
( 2 ) Weight loss: a study in the United States found that men's weight loss can reduce the risk of prostate cancer. For example, people who lose more than 5kg are 42 % less likely to develop diffuse prostate cancer than people who do not lose weight, and obese people are 7 times more likely to develop prostate cancer than people who lose 5kg or more.
( 3 ) Exercise: the study found that men over 65 years old can reduce the risk of advanced prostate cancer or death from this disease by 70 % if they exercise vigorously for more than 3 hours a week, such as running, cycling, swimming, etc. but they have no such effect on young men. You can also take a 30 - minute walk six times a week at a moderate speed to prevent prostate cancer.
( 4 ) Decompression: do one hour of yoga every day, or practice 30 minutes of qigong, including stretching, breathing, meditation and relaxation.
( 5 ) Sun exposure: elderly men living in high latitudes in the north should have 10 minutes per day to allow their bodies to receive sunlight to prevent prostate cancer.
( 6 ) " Annual inspection": men over 50 years old should have their blood PSA ( prostate specific antigen ) checked once a year. American society of clinical oncology ( ASCO ) and American urology association（ALA）recommend regular PSA screening, and asymptomatic men with PSA≤3.0 ng / ml should use 5a reductase inhibitor ( 5-ARI) to prevent prostate cancer. In order to prevent prostate cancer from lifestyle, apart from doing the above points well, 58 grams of soybean protein powder, 3 grams of fish oil, 400 international units of vitamin E, 2 grams of vitamin C and 200 micrograms of selenium should be taken daily.
8.水路出血大病患
对膀胱癌的预防应该针对病因采取预防措施，如改善染料、橡胶等工业生产的条件；避免大量长期服用可致膀胱癌的药物；高度重视对血尿病人的随访，尤其是对40岁以上男性不明原因的肉眼血尿，应考虑到肿瘤的可能。从生活方式上预防膀胱癌，应注意以下诸点：
多喝水，因为与每天喝水少于5杯（1.29升）的男人相比，每天喝6杯水（1.4升）的男人患膀胱癌的危险减少16%，喝9杯水（2.2升）的减少30%，喝10.6杯水（2.531升）的则减少了一半；
多吃水果蔬菜；杏仁、菠菜、橄榄油、葵花子等食品摄入充足的维生素E，可以使膀胱癌发病的风险降低50%；美国科学家指出，每月吃3次以上紫甘蓝、卷心菜等使患膀胱癌概率降低40%左右。若不吸烟又每月吃紫甘蓝多于3次的人，则患膀胱癌的概率减少73%。因烹煮会破坏紫甘蓝中60%～90%的异硫代氰酸盐，所以，最好是凉拌或做沙拉吃等等。
8. Severe patients with waterway bleeding
The prevention of bladder cancer should take preventive measures against the causes, such as improving the conditions for industrial production of dyes, rubber, etc. Avoid taking a lot of drugs that can cause bladder cancer for a long time. Attaches great importance to the follow-up of hematuria patients, especially for men over 40 years old who have unexplained gross hematuria, the possibility of tumor should be considered. To prevent bladder cancer from lifestyle, the following points should be paid attention to:
Drink more water, because compared with men who drink less than 5 cups ( 1.29 litres ) of water a day, men who drink 6 glasses ( 1.4 litres ) a day have a 16 % lower risk of bladder cancer, while those who drink 9 glasses ( 2.2 litres ) have a 30 % lower risk and those who drink 10.6 glasses ( 2.531 litres ) have a 50 % lower risk.
Eat more fruits and vegetables; Adequate vitamin e intake in foods such as almonds, spinach, olive oil and sunflower seeds can reduce the risk of bladder cancer by 50 %. U.s. scientists pointed out that eating purple cabbage and cabbage more than three times a month reduced the risk of bladder cancer by about 40 %. Those who did not smoke and ate purple cabbage more than three times a month had a 73 % lower risk of bladder cancer. Because cooking will destroy 60 % - 90 % of isothiocyanates in purple cabbage, it is best to eat cold mix or salad, etc.
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